Pregnant women; patients under the age of 18 years; diagnosis or treatment of specific causes of low back pain such as:
Sugical conditions including instability
Referred pain (from abdomen, kidney, ovary, pelvis, bladder)
Inflammatory conditions (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis)
Infections (discitis, osteomyelitis, epidural abscess)
Degenerative and structural changes (spondylosis, spondylolisthesis, gross scoliosis and/or kyphosis)
Fracture
Neoplasm
Metabolic bone disease (osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget’s disease)